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一、考查动词不定式的基本构成。【 此为扫描版本故英文字体有点问题】 [考点小结]动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,不受人称和数的变化限制,它由“不定式符号
(to)+动词原形”构成。其否定式常在to前加not或never构成,句型ask/tell sb. not to do sth.是中考命题的热点。 [中考题例1]“Tell your brother_____near the lake. It’s
not safe.”said the mother to her daughter. A.not play B.not to play C.don’t play D.to play 二、考查动词不定式作主语。 [考点小结]动词不定式作主语时,常用it作为形式主语,而将不定式后置。如说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可在不定式前加一个for引导的短语;但如果表语是kind,nice,clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词,则应在不定式前加一个of 引导的短语。 [中考题例2]It’s nice_____you_____me with my maths.(2002 广东深圳) A.for,to help B.for,helping C.of,to help D.of,helping 三、考查动词不定式作宾语。 [考点小结]一些动词,如decide,hope,ask等,一般只能接动词不定式作宾语。当动词不定式作宾语时,如后接宾语补足语,常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放在宾补之后,其句型为:主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+动词不定(短语)。 [中考题例3]All of us found____difficult to work out the maths problem.(2000黑龙江) A.it B.that C.which D.what [中考题例4]They decided____at the end of this month.(2002山东济南) A.to leave B.going back C.travel D.not start out 四、考查动词不定式作定语。 [考点小结]动词不定式作定语时,与被它修饰的名词有动宾关系。若动词不定式是不及物动词时,则要带上必要的介词,构成及物动词短语。 [中考题例5]She has no paper_____.(2000重庆) A.to writeB.write C.writing on D.to write on 五、考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。 [考点小结]有些动词,如teach,want,tell等可接带to的不定式作宾语补足语,即构成teach/want/tell sb.to do sth.结构。但是,动词不定式作使役动词及感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to[这些动词可归纳为“一感(feel),二听(listen to,
hear),三让(let,have和make),四看(look at,see,watch和not
ice)。”];在help后面作宾语补足语时,to可有可无。 注意:以上省to的不定式,在被动语态中都必须加上to,但let不能用于被动语态。 [中考题例6]She would not let_____him any housework at
all.(2001宁夏) A.to do B.do C.doing D.does [中考题例7]Uncle Wang can make his kite fly higher in the sky.(改为被动语态) (2000江苏盐城) Uncle Wang’s kite____ _____ _____ _____ _____higher in the sky by him. [中考题例8] I saw him _____basketball with Jack an hour ago.(2000天津) A.plays B.to play C.played D.play 六、考查“连接代(副)词+动词不定式”结构的用法。 [考点小结]在英语中有些词,如ask,decide,tell,know等后可接“疑问代(副)词+不定式”作宾语,来对宾语从句进行简化。注意:进行简化的条件是主句中的主语和从句的主语必须是同一人称。 [中考题例9]I really don’t know _____about it.(2002天津) A.what to doB.how to doC.to do whatD.how can I do [中考题例10]Can you tell me how I can get to the
nearest bus stop?(改为同义句)(2001江苏盐城) Can you tell me____ ____ _____to the nearest bus stop? 七、考查固定句式中动词不定式的用法。 [考点小结]各地中考题在固定句式中对不定式的考查常见的有: a.had better(not)do sth.意为“最好(不)做某事”。 b.Why not do sth.?意为“为什么不做……?” c.Will/Would you please(not)do sth.?意为“请你(不要)……好吗?” [中考题例11]I don’t know Sam’s telephone number.
Will you please_______in your address book for me?
(2001广东广州) A.to look it up B.to look up it C.look up it D.look it up [中考题例12]——You look rather tired. stop to take a
rest? ——All right. But I’ll have to work for a few more
minutes.(2002内蒙古呼和浩特) A.Why not B.Do you C.What about D.How about [中考题例13]You’d better _____football in the street.(2002江苏苏州) A.play B.not play C.not to play D.don’t play Key:1.B2.C3.A4.A5.D6.B7.can be made to fly8.D9.A10.how to get11.D12.A13.B 中考动词不定式考点|中考英语|中考英语语法
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