| 特殊否定句十注意 |
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作者：张士民 文章来源：新概念/中考 点击数： 更新时间：2008-6-18 20:14:20  |
英语中的否定句大多是借助not来构成的，但是有些否定句很特殊。下面谈谈初中学习中的几种特殊的否定句，以帮助同学们学习并掌握这一内容。
一、当all，everybody，somebody，everyone，someone，everything，something等不定代词做主语的肯定句改为否定句时，一般不在句子中加not，而是将all改为none；everybody，everyone改为no one；someone， somebody改为nobody；
everything，something改为nothing。例如：
1．All of them like playing football． →None of them likes playing football．
2．Everybody would like to read the novel．
→No one would like to read the novel．
3．There is something wrong with the bike．
→There is nothing wrong with the bike．
二、带宾语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词是believe，think，suppose，expect，改为否定句时，习惯上要否定主句的谓语动词，而不否定宾语从句的谓语动词。但译成汉语时,仍否定宾语从句。例如：
I think he is right．
→I don’t think he is right．我认为他不对。
三、当both或both...and...做主语时，改为否定句，往往将both改为neither, both...and...改为neither...nor...。例如：
1．We both did well in the work.
→Neither of us did well in the work．
2．Both he and I are teachers．
→Neither he nor I am a teacher．
四、其中有频率副词always，often，usually，ever的句子改为否定句时，往往将always改为never；将often, usually改为seldom；将ever改为never。例如：
1．Tom always gets up at six o’clock．
→Tom never gets up at six o’clock．
2．She often goes home in the afternoon．
→She seldom goes home in the afternoon．
五、当句子中有almost，still，everywhere改为否定句时，往往将almost改为hardly；将still改为no longer；将everywhere改为nowhere。例如：
1．She almost knows the truth．
→She hardly knows the truth.
2．Mary is still a teacher．
→Mary is no longer a teacher.
3．We can find these flowers everywhere．
→We can find these flowers nowhere．
六、当做主语的名词前有many，some，much修饰时，改为否定句，要将many改为few；将much改为little；将修饰可数名词的some改为few；将修饰不可数名词的some改为little。例如：
1．Many／Some students know that picture．
→Few students know that picture.
2．Much／Some water is in the glass．
→Little water is in the glass.
七、当句子中有“形容词+enough + to do sth.”结构时，改为否定句,要将“形容词+ enough + to do sth.”改为“too+原形容词的反义词+to do sth.”形式。例如：
Jim is old enough to go to school．
→Jim is too young to go to school．
八、当句子中有plenty of时，改为否定句，要将plenty of改为not much或little。例如：
There is plenty of rain in the area．
→There is not much rain in the area．／There is little rain in the area．
九、祈使句“Let sb. do sth.”改为否定句应为“Let sb. not do sth.”。例如：
Let him go to the cinema．
→Let him not go to the cinema．
十、将“陈述句，and so+助动词+主语”改为否定形式，在否定陈述句的同时，还要将so改为neither或nor。例如：
I am a teacher，and so is my wife．
→I am not a teacher，and neither／nor is my wife．
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