2008年福建高考英语试题
   阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The position of children in American family and society is no longer what is used to be. The 36  family in colonial(殖民时期的) North America was mainly concerned with survival and 37 that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were  38  in terms of their productivity(生产能力), and they played the role of producer quite early.  39  they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination(附属).
With the  40  of the society, the position of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex and technological society  41  the United Stated has become, each  42  must fulfill a number of personal and occupational  43  and be in contact with many other member.  44  , viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are  45  more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. This acceplance of children as  46  participants in the family is reflected in various laws  47  the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.
This new  48  of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also  49  an increasing interest in child-raising techniques. People today spend much time  50  the proper way to   51  children.
Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a  52  transaction(事务) between parent and child  53  a one-way, parent-to-child training  54  . As a consequence, socializing children and  55  with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.
36. A. poor           B. ordinary          C. happy              D. wealthy
37. A. except         B. for               C. beyond             D. through
38. A. supported       B. received          C. encouraged          D. valued
39. A. Until           B. After            C. Although            D. When
40. A. movement      B. achievement       C. development         D. requirement
41. A. that            B. where            C. when               D. what
42. A. parent          B. member           C. family              D. relative
43. A. purposes        B. promises          C. roles                D. tasks
44. A. Besides         B. However          C. Instead              D. Therefore
45. A. admired         B. regarded          C. made               D. respected
46. A. willing          B. equal             C. similar              D. common
47. A. enjoying         B. preventing        C. considering           D. protecting
48. A. view            B. faith             C. world               D. study
49. A. led in           B. brought in         C. resulted in            D. taken in
50. A. seeking          B. making           C. fighting              D. working
51. A. nurse            B. praise            C. understand            D. raise
52. A. one-sided        B. many-sided        C. round-way            D. two-way
53. A. more than        B. rather than         C. better than            D. less than
54. A. manner          B. method            C. program              D. guide
55. A. talking           B. living             C. playing               D. discussing

第三部分 阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
After the Summer Olympics are over, when all the athletics have gone home and the television audience has switched off, another group of athletics and fans will arrive at the host city, and another competition will begin. These are the Paralympics, the games for athletes with a disability. But in Beijing in 2008, for the first time, one of the greatest Paralympics will not be taking part.
  She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Grey-Thormpson. Born with spine hifida (脊椎裂) which left her paralysed from the waist Bown. Tanni used a wheelchair from the age of 7. at first, she was not keen on sport, apart from horse-riding, which gave her a sense of freedom. But in her teens, she started taking sports more seriously. She tried swimming, basketball and tennis. Eventually she found athletics, and never looked back.
  Indeed, Tanni’s athletic career took off. In 1984, when she was 15, she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100metres at the Junior National Wheelchair Games.
  In 1998, Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul. She won bronze in the 400 metres. Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelonn. Paralympics. Tanni won gold in the 100, 200, 400 and 800 metres relay, setting two world records in the process. In the same year she achieved she first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon victories.
 Tanni’s enduring success had been part motivation(动机), part preparation, “The training I do that enables me to be a good sprinter(短跑运动员) enables me to be good at a marathon too. I train 50 weeks of the year and that keeps me prepared for whatever distance I want to see…. I am still competing at a very high lever, but as I get older things get harder and I want to retire before I fall apart.”
  Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in 2007. Her wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
 In spite of ups and downs, she never take her fate lying down. In her splendid life, she has won an amazing eleven gold medals, four silvers and one bronze in series of Paralympics- a top lever athletic career covering two decades. She has won the London Wheelchair Marathon six times, more than any other competitor, and she has set over thirty world records.
 What advice does she have for young athletes? “Work hard at your studies, and then train, train and train again.”
56. Which of the following sports did Tanni like before thirteen?
   A. Basketball         B. Swimming.          C. Tennis.        D. Horse-riding.
57. When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?
   A. In 1984.           B. In 1988.             C. In 1992.       D. In 2007.
58. The underlined word “that” in the 5th paragraph refers to _______.
   A. fifty weeks’ training             B. being a good sprinter
   C. training almost every day         D. part motivation and part preparation
59. What’s the right order of the events related to Tanni?
   a. She works as a coach.          b. She took up athletics.
   c. She won four gold medals in Barcelong.    d. She competed in her first Paralympic Games.
   e. She achieved a victory in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.
   A. b, d, c, e a    B. a, d, b, c ,e     C. A,d,c,e,b       D. b.d.a.e.c
60. What can we learn from Tanni’s success?
   A. Union is strength.              B. Never too late to learn.
   C. Well begun is half done.         D. No pains, no gains.
B
For years we have been told that encouraging a child’s self-respect is important to his or her success is life. But child experts are now learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect. Praise-sholic kids  who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek to same kind of approval from friends when asked if they want to go in the backscat of the car.
The implication(含义) of saying “You are the prettiest girl in class,” or talking about the goals she succeed but not her overall effort, is that you love her only when she looks the best, some she highest, achieves the most. And this carries over to the classroom.
Social psychologist Carrol Dweck, PhD, tested the effects of overpraise on 400fifth graders while she was at Columbia University. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.
“Praising attributes(品质) or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality, and it devalues effort, so children are afraid to take on challenges, ” says Dweck, now at Stanford University, “They figure they’s better quit while they’re ahead.”
61. The underlined words “Praise-sholic kids” refers to kids who are ______.
   A. tired of being praised             B. worthy of being praised
   C. very proud of being praised        D. extremely fond of being praised
62. The author quoted(引用) Dr. Dweck’s words in the last paragraph in order to make the article
_____. 
A. better-known      B. better-organized    C. more percussive   D. more interesting
63. We can infer from the passage that _____.
   A. praise for efforts should be more encouraged
   B. praise for results works better than praise for efforts
   C. praising a child’s achievements benefits his or her success in life
   D. praising a child’s abilities encourage him or her to take on challenges
C
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(This does not include foreign currency or traveler’s cheques bought, interest and other charges.)
64. If you carry the Servicecard or the Cashcard, _______.
   A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wish
   B. you can draw your money from cash machines conveniently
   C. you can spend as much money as you like without a limit
   D. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK
65. If you withdraw ￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ______.
   A. ￡4         B. ￡4.5        C. ￡5.25            D. ￡5.3
66. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?
   A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.
B. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.
C. You can use the card in any shop across the world.
D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller’s cheques.
67. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ______.
   A. play your cards right          B. use your cards abroad
   C. draw cash with your cards      D. pay for goods with your cards
D
   The global energy crisis is approaching. What ca we do? Here are some steps you can take.
   Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as t tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed.
   For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners, look for the ENERGY STAR, the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency. For central air, purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Raton. (SEER)
   Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning, fans allow you to raise the thermostat(恒温器) and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people, not rooms, so before you leave; turn off the ceiling fan.
Let a programmable thermostat! “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and cresting pollution all day while you are at work.
 Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort, make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.
 Gut your air conditioning load, and reduce pollution by planting planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.
 Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day, or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.
  Turn off everything not in use: lights, TVs, computers. And use fluorescent bulbs(荧光灯), which provide bright, warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy, producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs(白炽灯).
 Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 mils per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than ￡65 per year.
 Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘车上班族) could save about ￡260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg---assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.
68. According to the passage, the thermostat is used to       .
A. make rooms quieter              B. control room temperature
C. turn off the air conditioner         D. reduce room air pollution
69. We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages       .
A. planting leafy trees around your home
B. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house
C. keeping your south-facing windows open during the day
D. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs
70. This passage is mainly about          .
A. energy-saving tips          B. fuel-saving tips         
C. do-it-yourself tips           D. environment-protecting tips

E

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