高考英语书面表达的评分原则中有五个档次，这五个档次对过渡性词语的使用都有明确的规定。
　　过渡性词语的恰当使用不仅关系到书面表达的质量，而且直接影响着考生书面表达的成绩。为此，笔者特意总结了高考中常用的过渡性词语，并利用近两年的高考题进行有针对性的训练，希望对考生有所帮助。
　　
　　一、 过渡词的种类
　　
　　1. 根据意思和作用的不同，过渡词可以分为以下十五类：
　　（1）表并列关系的过渡词:
　　and, also, as well, as well as，or, too, not only ... but also, both ... and, either ... or, neither ... nor
　　（2）表递进关系的过渡词:
　　besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover (此外，而且), what’s more（更重要的是），what’s worse（更糟糕的是）
　　（3）表转折对比的过渡词：
　　but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary(相反), although, despite, in spite of, whereas（而）, unlike, nevertheless（然而）, not only ... but also, here ... there,years ago ... today, this ... that, the former ... the latter, then ... now, the first ...whereas the second, once ... now, on the one hand ... on the other hand, some ... others
　　（4）表原因的过渡词:
　　because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to（由于）
　　（5）表结果的过渡词:
　　so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby（从而）, hence（因此）, so ... that, such ... that
　　（6）表条件的过渡词:
　　if, unless, on condition that（条件是）, as/ so long as（只要）
　　（7）表时间的过渡词:
　　when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards（事后）, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on,eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, from now on, at present, immediately, the moment
　　（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:
　　first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s) （后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）
　　（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词:
　　in other words, that is to say, to put it another way
　　（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词:
　　for instance, for example, like, such as
　　（11）表陈述事实的过渡词:
　　in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
　　（12）表强调的过渡词:
　　certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously
　　（13）表比较的过渡词：
　　like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to
　　（14）表目的的过渡词：
　　for this reason, for this purpose(为此), so that, in order to, so as to
　　（15）表总结的过渡词:
　　in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary
　　2. 文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头, “承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。
　　（1）用于“启”的过渡词语(常用在段落或文章的开头)
　　first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,
　　It is often said that ...
　　As the proverb says ...
　　It goes without saying that ...
　　It is clear / obvious that ...
　　Many people often ask ...
　　（2）用于“承”的过渡词语(通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中)
　　second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt，

 英语作文|书面表达中过渡词的使用

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