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Childhood was an illusion (错觉) and the illusion was this: Everything was bigger. No, I mean everything, not just houses and shops and grown-ups, but colors and flowers and journeys,especially journeys which seemed endless.“Are we there yet, Daddy?”
Funfairs (游乐场) were huge things that spread for miles around you with noise and lights and exciting danger. Rainy days at home when you were ill seemed to last for ever. Being a grown-up yourself was an unthinkable distant possibility. Every sound was louder, every game was grander, every pain unbearable.
As I’ve grown old, life has become smaller. Tastes have bulled. Surprises have turned into shocks. Days go by unnoticed. How can I regain childhood when it was an illusion?
I have only one repeatable and wonderful way and even in this way I can regain only part of that larger world. I can play upon the stage like a child and make the crowd laugh and laugh with them, sometimes helplessly like a child, and then, even though I’m a sixty-one-year-old man, I can almost catch the colors and sounds and stillness of those bigger years when I was little.
总述：本文讲述一位61岁的老人对自己童年的总结和回忆，将童年时期与成人后看待世界的不同角度予以比较，从而感慨人生的短暂。
72. How does the author feel about his childhood?
A. It was endless.
B. It was unpleasant.
C. He is glad that it is over.
D. He misses it as a grown-up
【解析】本题是对作者观点的判断。根据第三段内容可知：成年后世界变小了，一切都暗淡无趣，日子在不知不觉中一天天地逝去，故感慨 “How can I regain childhood when it was an illusion?”, 显然作者怀念童年时的感觉。答案选D。
73. The author thinks that everything was bigger in childhood because______.
A. children could not make proper judgments.
B. children were curious and eager about life
C. things appeared really big in children’s eyes
D. to grow up seemed so long for children
【解析】深层含义理解。根据文章第二段可知，孩子对未知世界充满好奇而感到everything was bigger, 而文章第三段表述了当作者长大后，没有Tastes和Surprises, 故life has become smaller. 答案选B。
74. The world seems to have become smaller to the author because_______.
A. life is disappointing
B. time goes by too fast
C. he has had too many surprises
D. foods no longer taste delicious
【解析】细节推理题。依据第三段Tastes have bulled．Surprises have turned into shocks．Days go by unnoticed．当作者长人后，对外面的世界的感觉不再新鲜好奇，生活很平淡，越来越“令人失望”。答案选A。
※规律小结：
推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，推理时我们务必要忠实于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
在阅读文章时，要注意句子间或段落间的诸如however、thus、in addition等承接词语(包括连接词、某些副词及介词短语等)的提示作用。借助它们的提示，才可以准确地分析句子结构和段落结构，分清层次，确定文章的主题思想和细节等。
在解答推理判断题时，首先应清楚题干是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用canning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，其解题的主要依据是文章的主题思想，然后再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证(opinion and fact)、原因与结果(cause and effect)、主观点与次观点(main idea and supporting idea)。
※高考警示：
推理判断必须推论有理，判断有据，忠实原文。切忌用自己的想法代替作者的观点。
全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
四、主旨大意题—考归纳概括的能力
※考点提示：
这类考题主要考查学生对阅读材料进行归纳、综合和分析的能力。主旨题一般涉及文章的中心思想、标题及作者的写作意图等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度的概括或总结，属于高层次题。
※解题方略：
1、题干表现形式：常以“mainly about、mainly discuss、best title”等提问。如：
The best title／headline for this passage might be______.
This passage chiefly deals with_____.
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is______.
2、选项的特点：
1)正确选项的特点：概括全文，内容全面，含义深刻，说明道理且表达尺度恰当的选项一般是答案项；四个选项中，内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个是正确选项；不出现细节信息；不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。
2)干扰项的特点：①以偏概全：只是局部信息，或是一句没有展开论述的评论。②过于笼统：即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱离或是没有对细节加以充分论述。③断章取义，概括错误：常以次要的事实，细节冒充全文的主要观点。
3、解题思路：
1)寻找主题句，确定文章主题：主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾(含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句)。对于中学生来说，主题句位于段首的居多。
2)注意首段和各段的第一句话，将其含义连接成一个整体。
3)注意逆向思维法，即快速作文法：对几个选项可以自己思考一下——如果我写这个题目，我回怎样写?
【例】(2006，北京，D篇)
While parents, particularly mothers, have always been attached to their infants (婴儿),societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain (保持). First of all, the high infant death rate in the premodern times meant that such attachments often ended in hopelessness. Perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused, a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child.
One of these premodern attachment-discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year. Another practice that discouraged maternal (母亲的) attachment was tightly wrapping (包裹) infants. Wrapping effectively prevented the close physical interactions like stroking (抚摸) and kissing that are so much a part of modern mothers’ and fathers’ affection for their infants.
A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing. Breast-feeding (母乳哺育) was not popular among the well-to-do in the early modern times; infants were often fed by wet nurses hired for the purpose. In some places, such as nineteenth-century France, city infants were sent to wet nurses in the country. Often a wet nurse would feed her own child first, leaving little for the city infant - who, in many case, died. In Rouen, the death rate for children sent to a wet nurse was 35 percent.
71. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Societal Conditions in Premodern Times
B. Practices of Reducing Maternal Attachment
C. Poor Health Service and High Infant Death Rate
D. Differences between Modem and Premodern Parents
【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出话题：…societal conditions frequently made this attachment difficult to maintain．接下来，第二段和第三段分别陈述了三个方面的做法来说明该观点。
如果我们将第一段中的…a number of societal practices developed which worked against earlyattachmentofmotherandchild．第二段中的Oneof thesepremodern attachment-discouraging practices was to leave…；第三段中的A third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing．串联起来，我们就很容易知道此题的答案是Practices of Reducing Matemal Attachment。
如果我们用逆向思维法来解此题，也能较为准确的做出判断来：假如我们按照ACD项来写文章，则要分别写社会状况、很差的卫生服务和较高的婴儿死亡率、还有现代与从前的父母的不同等，那就不会出现上面这样的文章。答案选B。
※规律小结：
要做好主旨大意题考生必须区分主要信息和次要信息；要跳出一词一句，而俯瞰全文。
浏览法(skimming)是理解全文人意的快速而有效的方法，浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段，尾段或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
※高考警示：
概括出来的中心意思一定要能够覆盖全文或整个段落，绝对不可离题太远、太笼统，或者只概括一段或几句话的意思。
不管主题句出现在文章的什么位置，我们都要把这类题作为该篇文章的最后一道题去做，因为做完其他题以后会对文章的主旨理解有帮助。
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