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高二英语Unit14要点解读           ★★★
高二英语Unit14要点解读
作者:杨子富 文章来源:高二英语 点击数: 更新时间:2008-4-22 20:52:51

一、 词语例解
  
  1. prisonn.
  1) 监狱;牢房
  He is in prison now. That’s why we haven’t seen him for months.他在坐牢,所以我们好几个月没见到他了。
  It was reported that four men escaped from prison yesterday.据报道,昨天有四个人越狱逃跑了。
  2) 监禁;禁闭
  Many people believe that prison isn’t a cure for crime. 许多人都认为监禁解决不了犯罪问题。
  I had created my own prison by telling so many lies.我说了那么多的谎话,真是作茧自缚。
  【搭配】 be in prison 在狱中 come out of prison 出狱escape from prison 越狱be put in / into prison 被投入监狱 be sent to prison 被投入监狱be kept in prison 被监禁go to prison 入狱,被监禁 cast(throw)into prison下狱,投进监牢be taken to prison 被关入监狱
  2. separation n.分离;隔离
  He was unhappy because of his separation from his mother. 他因与母亲分离而感到不快。
  She couldn’t bear the thought of separation from her children.想到要与孩子分离,她就忍受不了。
  【拓展】 separate v.(使……)分离;(使……)隔开,常构成搭配separate ... from …(把……与……分开)。
  separate adj. 分开的;各自的;独立的。如:separate rooms 单独的房间
  3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt.禁止;不许
  【用法】 forbid后跟名词、动名词作宾语或跟复合结构(forbid sb. to do sth.)。
  Lack of time forbids any further discussion at the point. 由于时间不够,现在不能深入讨论这个问题。
  The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。
  Their father forbade them to go.他们的父亲禁止他们去。
  It was useless to forbid children to play in the park.禁止孩子在公园里玩是没用的。
  【搭配】 forbid sth. / doing 禁止,妨碍(做某事) forbid sb. to do 禁止(某人)做…… forbid one’s doing禁止(某人)做……be forbidden by 被……禁止forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事
  4. demand
  n. 1) 要求,请求
  They rejected the union demand. 他们拒绝了工会的要求。
  2) 需要,需求
  The supply of vegetables falls short of demand this year.今年蔬菜供不应求。
  vt.要求,请求
  The boss demanded that Mary (should) finish it within a week.老板要求玛丽在一周内完成它。
  They demanded the right to vote.他们要求选举权。
  She demanded to see the headmaster.她请求见校长。
  【拓展】 demand to do ... 要求去做……demand sb. of / from sth.对(人)要求……
  demand that “要求……”,后接宾语从句时用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形,should也可以省略)。当名词用的demand若有同位语从句,从句也要用虚拟语气。
  
  二、短语精析
  
  1. be active in 积极参与……活动;热心于……活动
  Though he’s quite old, he’s still very active in the international movements for the rights of women. 他虽然老了,可仍然热心于国际妇女权益运动。
  He was always active in his work. 他总是工作很积极。
  【拓展】 take an active part in积极参加play an active part in在……起着积极的作用
  2. set an example to 或 set sb. an example 为……树立榜样
  The headmaster likes to arrive early at school to set the other teachers an example.那位校长愿意早早到校为其他老师树立榜样。
  Don’t do that; you’ll set a bad example to the children.别那样做,你会给孩子树立一个坏榜样的。
  【拓展】 for example 例如follow sb’s example 仿效他人的做法follow one’s example学某人的榜样 take ... for example以……为例
  3. from then on 从那时起
  From then on she knew she would win. 她从那时起就知道自己会得胜。
  From then on we have been learning English.从那时起我们就一直在学英语
  【拓展】 from now on 从现在起
  from that day on 从那天起
  from beginninfrom hand to mouth 勉强糊口
  from bad to worse每况愈下
  4. start with以……开始;首先;第一;开始时
  But as you know, to start with, we’ll have more difficulty with new product. 但是,您知道,首先,将来销售新产品,我们会有更多的困难。
  In this chapter we will start with a very simple kind of electric device—an electric torch. 这一章我们将要从一个非常简单的电器设备——手电筒开始。
  注意:start with作“以(从)……开始”解时,with后面要接宾语,to start with则常作插入语,通常有逗号与句子其它成分分开,意为“首先;第一;开始时”,切不要混淆。
  【拓展】 end up with以……结束
  5. make sense有意义;有道理;讲得通
  What you say makes no sense.你说的话没有道理。
  It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 这些便宜的大衣也很好,买那件贵的不明智。
  6. regardless of不理会;不管
  All our proposals were rejected, regardless of their merits. 我们所有的建议都遭到拒绝,不管这些建议多么有价值。
  She is determined to do so regardless of all the consequences. 她不顾一切后果,决心这样做。
  7. at first sight 乍一看;第一眼就……。例如:
  He fell in love with her at first sight.他对她一见钟情。
  At first sight their demands seemed reasonable. 乍看之下,他们的要求似乎蛮合理的。
  【拓展】 at sight 见到就立刻catch sight of 看见in sight 看得见out of sight 看不到
  lose sight of 看不见
  
 

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