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4. would 可构成“would like / love to do”句型,“想做什么”;若指过去想做什么,而实际未做,则不定式用完成式,即:would like / love to have done。例如: I would like to have gone to the concert last night , but I had to work out the plan. 5. would 可构成“would rather (not) do”句型,表示“现在或将来宁愿做(不做)以及“would rather (not ) have done”,表示“过去宁愿做什么,而实际没做”。例如: I’d rather stay at home reading. (I’d rather not go there.) I’d rather not have told him the news. (实际上已经告诉了) 注:这一句型中,只用would, 不用will. 五、 shall 1. 用于第一、三人称,表示向对方征求意见。例如: (1) All the visitors are waiting outside, Dr Wang. Shall they come in together or separately? (2) —What’s the name? —Khulaifi,_____I spell that for you? (2006北京) A. shall B. would C. can D. might 注意: may 用于请求对方的许可;shall 用于征求对方的意见。比较: May I have a look? (我可以看一下吗?) Shall I have a look? (要不要我看一下?) 1. 与第二、三人称连用,表示说话人的允诺、决心、威胁、警告、命令或法律、文件等的规定。例如: (1) You shall get an mp4 as your birthday present this year. (允诺) (2) Nothing shall stop me from going there. (决心) (3) You shall be sorry for what you have done , I tell you. (威胁/警告) (4) Nobody shall say a word when he comes in. (命令) (5) The fine shall be paid in cash. (规定) (6) “The interest_____be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. (2004 重庆) A. may B. should C. must D. shall 六、 should 1. 表示义务、责任、建议,“应该”,(可换为ought to) 例如: (1) You should make an apology to your parents. (2) I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I_____report it to the police?(2004 广西) A. should B. may C. will D. can 2. 表预期,“应该会,想必会, 一定会……吧”,是比较有依据的推测,(等于ought to) (1) There_____be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. (2005 上海) A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t (2) They set off at 7 am. They should have arrived there by now. (他们七点就动身了,现在应该已经到了吧) 3. 表惊讶、遗憾,“竟然;居然”。例如: (1) You can’t imagine that such a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. (2) I’m glad that his story should have won the first prize. 4. should 表示委婉谦逊的语气,具有“可,倒”之意。例如: I should advise you not to do that again. (我倒劝你别那样做了) 5. should / ought to have done 表示该做而实际上未做;shouldn’t / ought not to have done 表示不该做却做了。例如: —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. —You_____her last week. (2004 福建) A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told 6. 用于语气较强的假设中或虚拟条件中,表示“万一”。例如: If she should know the truth (= Should she know the truth), she would be greatly depressed. If she should fail to come, ask Tom to work in his place. 7. 用于表示命令、请求、建议类动词或名词后的名词性从句中,should 可省略。例如: He refused our suggestion that he (should) leave the company. 8. 用于以lest , for fear that , in case 等引导的状语从句中,表示“以免;唯恐”。例如: He made a list in case he should forget what to buy. 七、 need 1. 表示“必须,有必要”,用于疑问问句和否定句。回答need 开头的疑问问句时,肯定句应用must,不可用need 。例如: —Need / Must I go there at once ? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t (don’t have to) 2. need not (needn’t ) have done 表示“不必做某事而实际上已做了”。例如: As you worked late yesterday, you_____have come this morning.(2006 陕西) A. needn’t B. mayn’t C. can’t D. mustn’t 八、 had better had better ,“最好……;还是……好”,表示建议。语气比should 和ought to 更委婉,后接动词原形,否定式为had better not do,还可省略主语及had;疑问句中,将had 提前。例如: (1) You’d better not tell him the bad news. (2) —Had you better go at once? —Yes, we had better. / No, we’d better not. (3) Better take your umbrella. 九、 dare 表示“敢做……”,多用于疑问句和否定句,过去式为dared. She dare not go out alone at night. —Dare you swim across the river? —Yes, but years ago I dared not . 练一练: 1. Jenny_____have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind. A. must B. should C. need D. would 2. —Could I borrow your dictionary ? —Yes, of course you_____ . A. might B. will C. can D. should 3. He_____you some help, even though he was very busy. A. may give B. might give C. may have given D. might have given 4. —Shall I tell John about it ? —No, you_____ , I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 5. I wonder how he_____that to his parents. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 6. —I stayed at a hotel while in New York. —Oh, did you? You_____with Jenny. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. musthave stayed 7. I wish to visit the West Lake this summer, _____? A. do I B. don’t I C. would I D. may I 8._____I tell the secret to Peter? No, you mustn’t. A. Must B. Need C. May D. Shall 9. You must have read the science fiction last week,_____ ? A. mustn’tyou B. haven’t you C. didn’t you D. don’t you 10. Where_____Mrs Smith be? A. can B. must C. may D. need 11. —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock._____I go out and play with Tom for a while ? —No, I’m afraid not . Besides, it’s raining outside now. A. Can’t B. Wouldn’t C. May not D. Won’t 12. —We want someone to design the new art museum for us. —_____ the young fellow have a try? A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need 13. You_____him so closely; you should have kept your distance. A. shouldn’t follow B. mustn’t follow C. couldn’t have been following D. shouldn’t have been following 14. You know he is not going to let us leave early if we_____get the work done. A. can’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 15. Naturally, after I told her what to do, my daughter_____go and do the opposite! A. may B. can C. must D. should Keys: 1. B2. C3. D4. A5. D6. A7. D8. C9. C10. A11. A12. B13. D14. A15. C 上一页 [1] [2]
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