| 如何做好高考英语中的时态题 |
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作者:郭善斌 … 文章来源:英语知识 点击数: 更新时间:2008-4-7 21:16:14  |
时态题是每年高考英语的必考内容。随着高考英语时态题的命题原则由“知识立意”向“能力立意”的转变,题干中一般都没有明确的时间状语,动作的发生主要通过语境来暗示,由此给考生作出正确的选择带来一定的难度。下面笔者结合2006高考英语的一些时态题,来谈一谈如何做好高考英语中的时态题。 一、掌握八种时态的基本用法,学会区别容易混淆的时态 1.高考考查的八种时态天;①一般现在时:②一般过去时;③现在进行时;④过去进行时;⑤现在完成时;⑥过去完成时;⑦一般将来时一;(8)过去将来时。 2.容易混清的五纽时态是:①一般现在时和现在进行时;②一般过去时和现在完成时;③一般过去时和过去完成时;④现在完成时和过去完成时;⑤一般过去时和过去进行时。 二、掌握高考英语时态题的解题思路 1.抓住题干中的时间状语。例: 1) As you can see, the number of cars on ourmarls_______rising, these days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping (全国卷II 20) 解析:答案是C。根据时间状语these days可排除A.D;因为主语为the number,所以谓语动词应用单数。 2) Only then how much damage hadbeen caused. A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. she had redlized (陕西卷, 16题) 解析:答案是C。Only+状语放在句首时句子要倒装,故可排除B,D;根据时间状语then可知谓语动词应用一般过去时。 2.根据上下文语境,搜索出暗含的时间信息。例: 1) I have to go to work by taxi because my car__ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired (重庆卷, 21) 解析:答案是C。根据前句提供的信息(我现在不得不搭出租车去上班)可知,自己的车正在修理。 2) The house belongs to my aunt but she __here any more. A. hash’t lived B. didn’t live C. hadn’t lived D. doesn’t live (全国卷, 21) 解析;答案是D。but前面的分句用了一般现在时表示目前的事实情况;这座房子现在是属于我姑妈的,所以but后面的分句后也应用一般现在时表示目前的事实情况;她现在不再住在这里了。 3) It is said that the early European playingcards_____for entertainment and education. A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed (辽宁卷, 31) 解析:答案是D。根据early可知谓语动词应用一般过去时。 4)Ladies and gentlmen, please fasten yourseatbelts,Theplane A.takes off B.is takingoff C.hastakenoff D.tookoff (福建卷,24) 解析:答案是B。根据前句提供的信息(女士们,先生们,请系牢你们的座椅安全带。)可知,后句飞机起飞的动作马上就要发生,所以应用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。 3.根据时间状语和语境的结合。例: 1) I______in London for many years, but I’ venever regretted my final decision to move back toChina. A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived (重庆卷, 31) 解析:答案是A。根据时间状语for manyyears可排除B,从后半句话可以看出说话者已经不在伦敦了,所以前面只说明他过去的一段经历,应用一般过去时。因此可排除C。此题也不能选D,因没有过去的时间作为参照点,不可用过去完成时。 2) My friend,who on the InternationalOlympic Committee all his-life, is reting nextmonth. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served (浙江卷, 16) 解析:答案是D。根据时间状语an his life。可排除BI根据主句“My friend is retiring nextmonth”(我的朋友下月将要退休。)提供的信息可排除A,C,所以选D。 3) The young girl sitting next to me on theplane was very nervous. She __ before. A. hasn’t flown B. didn’ t fly C. hadn’t flown D. wash’ t flying (广东卷, 32) 解析:答案是c。根据时间状语before和前句可知“在她感到紧张的那个时间以前她未坐过飞机”,所以用过去完成时。 4.根据主从句时态呼应的原则。例:The moment the 28th Olympic Gamesopen, the whole world cheered. A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared (福建卷, 31) 解析:答案是D。the moment引导的是一个时间状语从句(……就……),主从句时态要一致,主句用了一般过去时,所以从句也要用一般过去时;主谓语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。 5.熟记一些固定句式。例: l) Ialong the street looking for a placeto park when the accident A. went; was occuring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred (安徽卷, 25) 解析:答案是C。根据句式be(was/were)+doing...when(正在做……这时突然……),前一个分句用过去进行时,后一个分句要用一般过去时。 2) -Did Linda see the traffic accident? -NO, no sooner_______thanit happened, A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone (天津卷, 3) 解析:答案是A。n0 soonerT放在句首,句子要倒装,所以可排除B,D;根据句式no sooner...than...(一……就……),no sooner所在的主句应用过去完成时,than所在的从句应用一般过去时。 (通讯地址:152100 黑龙江省望奎县第二中学,1152100黑龙江省望奎县第一中学)
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