| 定语从句易错知识正误例析 |
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作者：丁 兰 文章来源：网路 点击数： 更新时间：2008-3-14 19:58:37  |
1. 你还记得和我一起在那个岛上渡过的时光吗?
误:Do you still remember the time when you spent on that island with me?
正:Do you still remember the time that/which you spent on the island with me?
析:句中the time虽然表示时间，但在定语从句中不作时间状语而作宾语，因此不可用关系副词when，而应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
2. 我真的不知道我们镇上是否有生产自行车的工厂。
误:I really don’t know whether there is a factory where produces bikes in our town.
正:I really don’t know whether there is a factory which/that produces bikes in our town.
析:句中a factory虽然表示地点，但在定语从句中不作地点状语而作主语，因此应用关系代词that或which而不用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3. 我不知道你为什么要接受那个没有道理的理由。
误:I don’t know why you accepted the reason why is not reasonable at all.
正:I don’t know why you accepted the reason which/that is not
reasonable at all.
析:句中the reason虽然表示原因，但在定语从句中不作原因状语而作主语，因此应用关系代词which/that而不用关系副词why引导定语从句。
4. 这是你前天买的英汉字典吗?
误:Is this English-Chinese dictionary you bought the day before yesterday?
正:Is this English-Chinese dictionary the one you bought the day before yesterday?
析:句中you bought the day before yesterday为定语从句，但其缺少先行词，因此应在其前面加上the one。
5. 有这种书的学生比没有这种书的学生能把英语学得更好。
误:The students who have this kind of book can learn English better than the students don’t have this kind of book.
正:The students who have this kind of book can learn English better than the students who don’t have this kind of book.
析:the students为先行词，don’t have this kind of book为定语从句，其间缺少关系代词，因此应在the students后面加who。
6. 这是你曾经用过的最好的字典吗?
误:Is this the best dictionary which you have ever used?
正:Is this the best dictionary that you have ever used?
析:因先行词dictionary前面有最高级形容词the best修饰，因此只能用that不可用which引导定语从句。
7. 这就是我上周三下午和其讲话的那个女孩。
误:This is the girl to who I spoke on the afternoon of last Wednesday.
正:This is the girl to whom I spoke on the afternoon of last Wednesday.
析:whom引导定语从句时通常可用who代替，但是当指人的先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语而介词又提前时不可用who代替whom。
8. 我不知道这是否是你昨天提到的那本书。
误:I don’t know whether this is the book to you referred yesterday.
正:I don’t know whether this is the book to which you referred yesterday.
析:关系代词which引导定语从句时如果在从句中作宾语常可省略，但当指物的先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语而介词又被提前时关系代词which不可省略。
9. 这是你正在找的那本书吗?
误:Is this the book for which you are looking?
正:Is this the book which you are looking for?
析:句中look for为固定搭配，介词for不可被拆开提前。
10. 他拒绝参加她的婚礼，让她感到很失望。
误:He refused to attend her wedding， that disappointed her very much.
正:He refused to attend her wedding， which disappointed her very much.
析:句中先行词为整个主句，因此应用which引导定语从句。
11. 恐怕这是我遇到的最难的试题。
误:I’m afraid this is the most difficult problem which I’ve ever met with.
正:I’m afraid this is the most difficult problem that I’ve ever met with.
析:problem前面有最高级形容词the most difficult修饰，因此应用that而不用which引导定语从句。
12. 他给了我许多书，其中有两本在这儿。
误:He has given me many books， and two of which are here.
正:He has given me many books， two of which are here.
析:数词(不定量数词)+of whom/which引导定语从句时前面不可加but， and等连词。
13. 昨天他买了一些画，其中最有趣的是这一张。
误:Yesterday he bought some pictures， the most interesting of that is this one.
正:Yesterday he bought some pictures， the most interesting of which is this one.
析:表示所属关系的词汇+of结构后面应接whom(指人)或which(指物)引导定语从句。 1. 你还记得和我一起在那个岛上渡过的时光吗?
误:Do you still remember the time when you spent on that island with me?
正:Do you still remember the time that/which you spent on the island with me?
析:句中the time虽然表示时间，但在定语从句中不作时间状语而作宾语，因此不可用关系副词when，而应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
2. 我真的不知道我们镇上是否有生产自行车的工厂。
误:I really don’t know whether there is a factory where produces bikes in our town.
正:I really don’t know whether there is a factory which/that produces bikes in our town.
析:句中a factory虽然表示地点，但在定语从句中不作地点状语而作主语，因此应用关系代词that或which而不用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3. 我不知道你为什么要接受那个没有道理的理由。
误:I don’t know why you accepted the reason why is not reasonable at all.
正:I don’t know why you accepted the reason which/that is not
reasonable at all.
析:句中the reason虽然表示原因，但在定语从句中不作原因状语而作主语，因此应用关系代词which/that而不用关系副词why引导定语从句。
4. 这是你前天买的英汉字典吗?
误:Is this English-Chinese dictionary you bought the day before yesterday?
正:Is this English-Chinese dictionary the one you bought the day before yesterday?
析:句中you bought the day before yesterday为定语从句，但其缺少先行词，因此应在其前面加上the one。
5. 有这种书的学生比没有这种书的学生能把英语学得更好。
误:The students who have this kind of book can learn English better than the students don’t have this kind of book.
正:The students who have this kind of book can learn English better than the students who don’t have this kind of book.
析:the students为先行词，don’t have this kind of book为定语从句，其间缺少关系代词，因此应在the students后面加who。
6. 这是你曾经用过的最好的字典吗?
误:Is this the best dictionary which you have ever used?
正:Is this the best dictionary that you have ever used?
析:因先行词dictionary前面有最高级形容词the best修饰，因此只能用that不可用which引导定语从句。
7. 这就是我上周三下午和其讲话的那个女孩。
误:This is the girl to who I spoke on the afternoon of last Wednesday.
正:This is the girl to whom I spoke on the afternoon of last Wednesday.
析:whom引导定语从句时通常可用who代替，但是当指人的先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语而介词又提前时不可用who代替whom。
8. 我不知道这是否是你昨天提到的那本书。
误:I don’t know whether this is the book to you referred yesterday.
正:I don’t know whether this is the book to which you referred yesterday.
析:关系代词which引导定语从句时如果在从句中作宾语常可省略，但当指物的先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语而介词又被提前时关系代词which不可省略。
9. 这是你正在找的那本书吗?
误:Is this the book for which you are looking?
正:Is this the book which you are looking for?
析:句中look for为固定搭配，介词for不可被拆开提前。
10. 他拒绝参加她的婚礼，让她感到很失望。
误:He refused to attend her wedding， that disappointed her very much.
正:He refused to attend her wedding， which disappointed her very much.
析:句中先行词为整个主句，因此应用which引导定语从句。
11. 恐怕这是我遇到的最难的试题。
误:I’m afraid this is the most difficult problem which I’ve ever met with.
正:I’m afraid this is the most difficult problem that I’ve ever met with.
析:problem前面有最高级形容词the most difficult修饰，因此应用that而不用which引导定语从句。
12. 他给了我许多书，其中有两本在这儿。
误:He has given me many books， and two of which are here.
正:He has given me many books， two of which are here.
析:数词(不定量数词)+of whom/which引导定语从句时前面不可加but， and等连词。
13. 昨天他买了一些画，其中最有趣的是这一张。
误:Yesterday he bought some pictures， the most interesting of that is this one.
正:Yesterday he bought some pictures， the most interesting of which is this one.
析:表示所属关系的词汇+of结构后面应接whom(指人)或which(指物)引导定语从句。
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