| 祈使句引语变化 |
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作者：郝昌明 文章来源：中学英语之友·高一版 点击数： 更新时间：2008-3-14 18:14:16  |
祈使句引语变化是引语变化重要组成部分，也是高考重要考点，学习时除应注意把握时态、代词、动词、状语变化规律外，还应注意下列几点：
一、掌握请求型祈使句引语变化规律
例1：“Please open the window, Li Ping,” Mr. Li said.
→Mr. Li asked Li Ping to open the window.
例2：He said to her, “Dance with me, please.”
→He invited her to dance with him.
例3：He said to him, “Go home at once.”
→He told him to go home at once.
例4：She said to him, “Don’t speak in class.”
→She told him not to speak in class.
点评： 当直接引语为请求型祈使句时，间接引语应使用ask/tell/invite sb. (not) to do sth.的句型，该句型语气显得较为委婉、客气、礼貌。
二、掌握命令型祈使句引语变化规律
例1：“Don’t play with fire,” he shouted to the boy.
→He warned the boy not to play with fire.
例2：“Lay down your arms!”the soldiers said to the enemies.
→The soldiers ordered the enemies to lay down their arms.
点评：当直接引语为命令型祈使句时，间接引语应使用warn/order sb. (not) to do sth.的句型，该句型语气坚决，不容违背。
三、掌握请求、命令型祈使句引语变化的创新形式
例1：“Don’t look out of the window,” he said to them.
→They were asked not to look out of the window.
例2：He said, “Listen to me carefully, Wei Fang.”
→Wei Fang was told to listen to him carefully.
点评：请求、命令型祈使句引语变化句型 ask/tell/invite/warn/order sb. (not) to do sth.的被动语态为be asked/told/invited/warned/ordered (not) to do sth.，这是请求、命令型祈使句引语变化的创新句型，也是历年高考考查的重点句型。
四、掌握Let型祈使句引语变化规律
例1：She said, “Let’s do it together.”
→She suggested our doing/that we should do it together.
例2：The girl said, “Let us go to Beijing at once.”
→The girl demanded that they should be allowed to go to Beijing at once.
例3：He said, “Let me do it for you.”
→He offered to do it for me.
点评：let型祈使句引语变化比较灵活，当直接引语为Let’s型祈使句时，间接引语的谓语动词应改为suggest，suggest后面可接动名词，也可接that从句，接that从句时动词形式为(should) do；当直接引语为Let us或Let sb.型祈使句时应根据语境的需要选择适当的动词及其句型搭配。
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