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牛津7A综合复习----例题讲解 [例1] Don’t forget your homework with you when you come here tomorrow. (2003年黄冈市中考题) A.to bring B. to take C. bringing D. taking [精析] forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事”,forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事”。根据句义应选择forget to do sth. 这一结构;又因为take表示“拿走”,bring表示“带来”,因而确定用forget to bring. [答案]:A。 方法解密: 区分forget to do sht. 和 forget doing sth.的不同含义。 区分bring和take的意义。
[例2] Did you see anybody pen?(2002年黄冈市竞赛题) A.else B. other C. others D. else,s [精析] else和other都可以表示“别的,其他的”。Else修饰不定代词(something, anything, somebody, anybody)和疑问词(what, who, where, when)时需要后置,而other 修饰名词时放在名词之前;else的所有格为else,s。 [答案]:D。 方法解密: else修饰不定代词和疑问词作后置定语。 other修饰名词作前置定语。 else的所有格为else,s
[例3] May I borrow your ruler? .(2003年泉州市中考题) A.here are you B. here it is C. here they are D. here we are [精析] “here you are”“here it is”和“here they are”都可以表达“给你”。当所给的物为单数时,既可用“here you are”,又可用“here it is”;当所给的物为复数时,常用“here you are”或者“here they are”。 [答案]:B 技巧解密: 从信息词your ruler 可知所给的物为单数。
[例4] He goes to school at 7 o,clock every day. (改为一般疑问句) He to school at 7 o,clock every day? [精析]行为动词第三人称单数一般疑问句的构成为:does+主语+行为动词原形+其他? [答案]:does go 技巧解密: 一加(加助动词does), 二改(goes改为原形),三问号。
[例5] When I finish my homework, I often watch TV. A. do B. doing C. to do D. does [精析]用finish表示“做完某事”,其搭配为finish sth. 或finish doing sth. [答案]:B。 方法解密: Finish后接动词时,只能用动名词作宾语。
[例6]改错:This room is enough big for all of us to live in [精析] enough作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,应位于所修饰的形容词或副词之后。但enough作形容词修饰名词时,既可在名词前,也可在名词后。 [答案]:A。enough big→big enough. 方法解密: 掌握enough的基本用法。 判断big在句中为形容词
[例7]Thank you for to see me. (2003年广州市中考题) A.come B. came C. to come D. coming [精析]thank的常用结构“thank you for”表示“因…而感谢你”。 [答案]:D。 技巧解密: 介词后接动词作宾语时,只能用动名词形式。
[例8] It,s five o,clock now. it,s time .(2004年武汉市中考题) A.for go home B. to go home C. for go to school D. to go to there [精析]表示“该做某事”有两种结构:“it,s time for +名词”,“it,s time to +动词原形”;表示“去某地”也有两种结构:“go+地点副词(there, home)”,“go to +地点名词” [答案]: B。 技巧解密: home不加限定词时常作副词,如限定词时作名词。 go为动词原形,故用句型“it,s time to…”。
[例9] Because she is ill, mary doesn’t come to school today.(2003年西安市中考题) A.so B. and C. but D. 不填 [精析]汉语习惯上用“因为…所以…”来表示因果关系,但在英语中,用了“因为(because)”就不用“所以(so)”,或用了“所以(so)”就不用“因为(because)” [答案]: D 技巧解密: 英语中表示因果关系时,because和so不能同时在一个句子里使用。
[例10] We are looking forward to you soon.(2003年河北省中考题) A.meet B. meeting C. meets D. is meeting [精析]句型look forward to 意为“盼望,期望”,to是介词,后面只能跟名词或动名词,不能跟不定式。 [答案]。B。 方法解密: 熟记look forward to 中的to为介词,而不是动词不定式中的不定式符号to .
[例11] Jim,s mother went to the great wall yesterday. A. too B. also C. either D. so [精析] 上述四个词too, also, either, so 都可以表示“也”。Too用于肯定句,常位于句尾;also用于肯定句,常位于助动词、be动词、情态动词之后、行为动词之前;either用于否定句,常位于句尾;so用于倒装的肯定句,常位于句首。 [答案]:B。 技巧解密: 记忆区分too, also, either和so的用法差异。 判断确定句义和句式。
[例12] May I take here ? A. yes, please B. yes, it is C. yes, you can D. no, you may [精析]“may I …”表示“请求允许”,may 和can可以互换,其肯定回答为“yes, you may/can”,也可以不用情态动词,如:yes,please./of course. /certainly. /sure. 其否定回答为:please don’t / I,m afraid not.或no, you mustn’t /. No, you can’t./ No , you may not. [答案]:A。 方法解密: 熟记句型“may I…”的肯定和否定回答的种类和方式 。 判断句型“may I…”的句义。
[例13] Who thanksgiving?(2004年南宁市中考题) A.celebrate B. celebrates C. celebrating D. to celebrate [精析]who 用于句首作主语时,一般看做第三人称单数。 [答案]:B。 方法解密: 句中的谓语应和句子的主语保持一致。
[例14] is on the 31st of October. A. thanksgiving B. Halloween C. easter D. Christmas. [精析]根据文化常识,万圣节Halloween是在10月31日。 [答案]:B。 方法解密: 熟记各个节日在哪一天。
[例15]The famous football team Liverpool is from England. (2003年长沙市中考题) called B. calling C. name D. is called [精析]表示“这支著名的足球队被称为利物浦”应用过去分词called,不应用现在分词calling. [答案]: A。 技巧解密: be called 在句中作谓语 called=named在句中作定语。
[例16] Could I have apples? A. some B. any C. much D. an [精析]much(许多)修饰不可数名词,an不能和复数名词连用,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句中,但表示向别人提出请求,希望得到肯定回答时要用some. [答案]:A。 方法解密: 掌握some, any, much和an的用法。 判断问句是否为表示请求、希望得到肯定回答的问句。
[例17]Thanks for (2002年宁波市中考题) A. help me B. helping me C. help I D. helping I [精析]thanks=thank sb, thank作名词时常用复数形式,介词for意为“因为”,其后接名词、代词或动名词,不能接动词原形,也不能接不定式。 [答案]:B。 方法解密: for后接动词时,要用动名词。 动词help后要用宾格代词。
[例18]What do you often do Sunday morning? A. on B. in C. at D. for [精析]表示“在上午/下午/晚上”一般用介词in,如:in the morning /afternoon/evening;若表示“在哪一天的早上/下午/晚上”则用介词on. [答案]: A。 方法解密: At用于点,on用于天,in用于月、季、年。午和晚上in常用。限定之时in要变。
[例19] When she heard the news, she was (激动)(2002年福州市中考题) [精析]excited意为“感到激动”;exciting意为“令人激动” [答案]:excited. 技巧解密: exciting常指畅。 excited 常指人。
[例20] I have breakfast at 7:00. but it,s 7:20. I,m having my breakfast. A. usually; often B. often; usually C. sometimes; often D. usually; now [精析]usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时)通常用于一般现在时中,now则一般用于现在进行时中。根据题意得知,前句为一般现在时,后句为现在进行时,因此选择D。 [答案]:D 技巧解密: 熟记哪些时间状语常和一般现在时连用,哪些常和现在进行时连用。
[例21] tom looks like jim .(改为同义句)。 Tom and jim [精析] look like 意为“看起来像”,从上句可知“汤姆看起来像吉姆”,从而可知“汤姆和吉姆看起来一样”。 [答案]:look the same. 方法解密: Look like 常和look the same进行同义句转换。
[例22]He put in the coffee and ate . many sugars; much bread lots of sugar; many breads lots of sugar; much bread many sugars; many breads [精析]sugar和bread都是不可数名词。Lots of 和a lot of 可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。 [答案]:C。 方法解密: 先分清sugar和bread均为不可数名词,再选择不可数名词的修饰词。
[例23]Linda, I,ve bought many. Now let,s make the birthday cake. A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milk C. frozen food D. dumplings [精析] 从该题题干可知,many后应与可数名词连用,而B、C项中milk和food属不可数名词,故不能选。另外,要做生日蛋糕应该用eggs而不用dumplings. [答案]:A。 技巧解密: 不可数名词没有单、复数变化,也不常与冠词连用。但可与a little , little, some, any, a great deal of , a piece of , a bottle of, 以及how much连用。
[例24]You should do more . don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your . A. exercise; exercises B. exercise; exercise C. exercises; exercise D. exercises; exercises [精析]do more exercise意为“多运动”,exercise是不可数的;do one’s exercise 意为“做练习”,exercise是可数名词。 [答案]:A。 方法解密: 英语中有些名词作一种意义讲是可数名词,作另一种意义讲是不可数名词。平时学习中要注意总结归纳这类名词。
[例25] Would you like orange juice? any B. some C. many D. / [精析]在表示建议、请求的句子中,一般用some 来修饰。此题中orange juice为不可数名词,不可以用many修饰,would like是典型的提建议的句型,应选择some. [答案]:B 技巧解密: 判断句子功能是答好此题的关键。Would like是典型的提建议句。
[例26] 句型转换,每空一词。 (1)he walks to school every day. He 、 school 、 every day. (2)my favourite colour is green. I green . [精析] walk相当于go to…on foot,即“步行去…”; favourite 在句中作形容词修饰名词colour,相当于like…best. [答案]:(1)goes to on foot (2) like best 方法解密: (1)对动词walk进行释义,该题属释义型句子转换;(2)句子结构转换时句子主语和谓语动词均发生变化。
[例27]Look at icture. it’s picture of our school. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the ; a [精析]第一句中的picture是特指“那一幅画”,其前应用the,第二句中picture则构成短语a picture of (一幅…的画)。 [答案]:D。 技巧解密: 定冠词the用在名词前,表示特定的人或物,以区别同类的其他人或物。
[例28]对画线部分提问,每空一词。 (1)I watch TV every day. → do you watch TV? (2)she writes to me once a week. → does she write to me? [精析]两题中的画线部分均表示频率,故都用how often提问。 [答案](1)how often (2)how often 方法解密: how often 就动作频率提问,而how long 则就延续的一段时间提问。如:---how long are you bere?你在这儿多长时间了?---I’m here for an hour. 我呆了一个小时。
[例29]San is a student . his sister is a student. A. too B. also C. either D. as well [精析]表示“也”且用于句中常用副词also. [答案]B。 技巧解密: 正确区分几个表示“也”的副词在句中的位置是答题关键。
[例30] do you know about English? ----only a little. A. how many B. how much C. how often D. how long [精析]表示“语言”的多少常用how much. [答案]: B。 方法解密:English指语言时为不可数名词,答句中a little 常用来修饰不可数名词。
[例31] 用动词的正确形式填空 (1)we want (raise) some money for him. (2) it’s hot today. Let’s go (swim) (3)there (be) a girl and two boys in the room. [精析](1)want 后常接动词不定式作宾语,即want to do; (2)go 后接动名词,构成固定搭配; (3)there be 句型中be与靠近的一个主语保持一致。 [答案](1)to raise (2)swimming (3)is 方法解密: 判断一个动词之后的动词形式要依据该动词的特点来定。如(1)、(2)题;题(3)中be动词形式采用“邻近原则”。
[例32]My father likes fishing, but he doesn’t like fishing today, because it’s too hot. A. going; going B. to go; to go C. to go; going D. going; to go [精析]动词like后面可接to do 或doing,有时可不区别使用。但像在本题这种语境中,表经常性和一惯性的“喜欢 ”,多用like+doing,表偶然性和一次性“喜好”,多用like+to do . [答案]:D。 技巧解密:like后有多种动词形式,此题应根据句意来确定其后的动词形式。
[例33]改错。 We don’t have a lot of homework to do this week. [精析]a lot of (或lots of )意思是“许多”。这两个短语即可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,但一般只用在肯定句中。如果是否定句或疑问句,则用many或much代替。 [答案]将a lot of 改为much. 技巧解密: 注意a lot of 或lots of 使用的句子类型。
[例34]This is mary’s photo. please. show me it B. show it to me C. show it me D. show me to it [精析] 当show后双宾语均为代词时,只能用show sth. To sb. 结构。 [答案]B。 方法解密: 注意show sb. sth结构中sb.和sth。均为代词时的一种特殊用法。
[例35]选词填空 a look, a rest, a walk Mr green usually takes after supper. If you’re tired, please take . let me take at your new pen. [精析]由句意可知答案。 [答案](1)a walk (2)a rest (3)a look 技巧解密: 此题考查take 的有关动词短语,答题时依句意来确定该选哪一动词短语。
[例36]用different, difference填空。 (1)there are five between the pictures. (2)English names are from Chinese names. [精析](1)用可数名词的复数,应为differences. (2).固定搭配be different from.故填形容词形式。 [答案](1)differences (2)different 技巧解密:difference对应的形容词形式是different.
[例37] I’d like to invite you to my party tomorrow evening, jane. . I don’t like any parties B. not at all C. thanks for asking me D. that’s right. [精析]有人邀请你参加聚会,你回答“I don’t like any parties”显得没有礼貌。即便你确实不喜欢,也要先感谢别人的邀请,然后再说明不能应邀的理由。这是交际的一般礼仪。至于B、D两项,完全答非所问。前者意为“别客气”,后者意为“不错,正确”。 [答案]:C。 方法解密: 此题考查情景会话,答题时注意西方礼仪的特点。
[例38] I like watching the dolphin and jump. A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swims [精析] hear, see, watch等动词都可用于“动词+sb./ sth.+ doing sth.”的结构,表示“听见或看见某人(某物)正在做某事。” [答案]:A。 技巧解密: “动词+sb./sth.+do sth.”.其中,do的前面不能加to。语法上这叫做不带to的不定式。能用于这种结构的动词有hear, see, watch等。它的意思是“听见或看见某人(某物)要做某事或做了某事。”
[例39]用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。 Look! It (rain) heavily. It often (rain) in changsha in summer? [精析]句中“look”决定了第一句要用现在进行时be doing sth. 类似的还有“listen”.第二句中的often确定这句要用一般现在时,疑问句要用助动词do/does,主语是第三人称单数,所以助动词用does. [答案]:is raining; does , rain 方法解密: 此题考查动词时态。遇到此类型题目要注意看时间和关键词,从而决定时态。
[例40] 句型转换。把下面句子变成否定句、一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答,然后对画线部分提问(变成特殊疑问句)。 There are some flowers in the picture. [精析]在变否定句和疑问句的时候,通常须将some(一些)改为any(任何)。在对表数的定语提问时,一般采用以下结构:how many+名词复数+are there +地点状语?例如:①there are three people in my family.→how many people are there in your family?②there are two birds in the cage(鸟笼)。→how many birds are there in the cage? [答案] →there aren’t any flowers in the picture. →Are there any flowers in the picture? →yes, there are (some) →No, there aren’t (any) →how many flowers are there in the picture? 方法解密: There be 句型的否定句和疑问句的变化本身并不复杂,按照已掌握的be动词的变化规律变化即可(在be动词后加not构成否定句,将be动词提前构成疑问句,回答还是使用there be句型)。
[例41] 选择正确答案填空。 Look! Tom basketball. He a new sweater. A. is playing; wears B. plays; wears C. is playing; is putting on D. plays; puts on [精析]因为“look”这样的词后,一般接现在进行时,从而排除B、D。put on 表示具体动作,而tom正在打篮球,他不可能一边打一边穿衣服,因此这里用wear表示他“正穿着”毛衣打篮球,强调的是状态,而不是动作。 [答案]A。 方法解密: 根据动词“look”来判断时态。
[例42] 改正下列句中的错误 He is listening to me. [精析]listen的现在分词是listening,不需要双写末尾的n.因为在现在分词的变化规律中,是否双写末尾的辅音字母,有以下几个条件: 末尾的最后一个音节必须是重读闭音节。 必须判断最后一个音节的读音,而不是字母构成。 最后一个音节的读音构成从后往前依次为:一个辅音加一个单元音,再加一个辅音。简单地记为“辅元辅”。 Listen/不难看出,重音在第一个音节,而不是最后一个,所以不能双写“n”。 [答案]he is listening to me. 方法解密: 注意动词加ing时的双写规律。需双写的词有:swim, begin , stop, plan, shop, drop. Get, put, cut, sit, run, elc.
[例43]选择填空。 I often my homework after supper. But yesterday evening I TV A. do; watch B. did; watched C. did; watch D. do; watched [精析]often是指经常性发生的动作,应用一般现在时do,而yesterday evening是具体的过去时间,故用一般过去时watched. [答案] D。 方法解密: 此题考查一般现在时和一般过去时的区别。分清句中时间副词是答题的关键。
[例44]用所给动词的正确时态填空。 He (put) on his coat and went out. [精析]此题考查一般过去时,went是go的过去时,put和went 应是并列的两个谓语动词,故put应用一般过去时。动词的过去时态没有人称的变化,不需加第三人称单数,故此题应填put. [答案]put 技巧解密: 观察并列成分的谓语动词形式也是判断动词时态的一种方法。
[例45] 根据A句完成B句,要求句意不变,每空一词。 the children played happily in the zoo yesterday. The children 、 in the zoo yesterday. [精析]此题既考查played happily的同义词组,又考查谓语动词的一般过去时。“玩得痛快”的同义词组是enjoy oneself,谓语动词应与原句一致,用一般过去时,并且children是复数形式。 [答案]enjoyed themselves 方法解密: 考查同义表达时,要注意人称和数保持前后一致。
[例46] max刚到北京,下图自左至右是他要做的事,请将下列句子的序号写在正确的图画旁。 finally, he got to his room in hotel. First, he took a taxi. Afterwards, he wanted to find a hotel. Next, he found a reception. Then he went to a concert. [精析]此题考查事情发生先后次序的表达。 [答案]c. e. d. b. a . 方法解密: 表达先后次序的副词排列方式为:first→then→next→after--wards→finally.注意理解时,图句相结合。
[例47]单项选择题 (1)my father ill yesterday. A. isn’t B. aren’t C. was D. were (2) the twins in dalian last year. They here now. A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was [精析](1)由yesterday这一时间状语知该句为一般过去时,主语为单数,故选答案C; (2)前句中由last year知为一般过去时,后句由now知用一般现在时,主语均为复数,故选B。 [答案](1)C。 (2)B。 方法解密: 由时间状语判断时态的运用是这两个题的共同特点。另外还要注意主语在单复数上与谓语动词保持一致。
[例48] 将下列句子变为否定句和疑问句,并做回答。 (1)my father was at home last night. → → (2)they were over there a moment ago. → → [精析]含有be动词一般过去时态的句子变成否定句,只需在be后加not,变为一般疑问句则将be动词提到句首。答语应先说“yes/no”,并且前后保持一致。 [答案](1)my father wasn’t at home last night. Was your father at home last night? Yes, he was. / no, he wasn’t . (2)they were not over there a moment ago. Were they over there a moment ago? Yes, they were. / no, they weren’t. 技巧解密: 解此类句型转换题,只需在was/were上做文章,注意was/were位置的变化及与not连用时形式的变化。
[例49] 阅读理解,根据对话所述,将下列几幅图按时间顺序排列。 A:hi, Mary! Did you have a good day today? B: No, I didn’t . I had a terrible time. A: what happened? B: I had a bad headache(头痛)all afternoon. A: why did you have a headache? B: because my boss shouted at me . A: why did your boss shout at you? B: because I arrived late for work. A: why did you arrive late for work. B: because I had to walk to the office. A: why did you have to walk to the office? B: because I missed (错过) the bus. A: why did you miss the bus? B: because I got up late today. A: why did you get up late today? B: because I went to a party last night. [精析]此题考查一般过去时的用法,按对话先后顺序判断图画的排列。 [答案]: B、 G、F、A、C、E、D。
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