| “名不副实”的比较结构 |
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作者:龚胡娟 文章来源:www 点击数: 更新时间:2008-1-24 10:30:04  |
在中学英语中, 有一类词(组)貌似形容词(副词)的比较结构, 但它们的具体含义却并不表示比较级或最高级。在此作一归纳, 以帮助读者学习。 一、与“as / so + 形容词(副词)原级 + as”有关的结构 这类词组常有: as / so far as(就……而言), as good as(几乎已经、实际等于), as / so long as(只要), as soon as(一……就……), as well as(除……外、与……一样), so much as(甚至), not so much... as(与其……倒不如……)等。例如: 1. So / As far as I know, they’re coming by bus. 据我所知, 他们将坐公交车来。 2. Without glasses, Tom was as good as blind. 没有眼镜, 汤姆几乎和瞎子一样。 3. You may keep this book, as long as you do not lend someone else. 只要你不把它借给其他人, 你就可以保留这本书。 4. I’ll tell him the truth as soon as he comes back. 他一回来, 我就告诉他真相。 5. The child is lively as well as healthy. 这个小孩既健康又活泼。 6. Lily left without so much as saying goodbye. 莉莉甚至连再见也没说就走了。 7. Jerry is not so much a teacher as a translator. 与其说杰瑞是一个老师, 倒不如说他是一名翻译。 二、与more或less等比较级形式有关的结构 这类词组常有: more than...(超过、非常), more... than...(与其……倒不如……), more than... can(使……难以……), more often than not(往往、多半), no more(不再), no more than(仅仅、只有), no more... than...(同样不……), more or less(或多或少、大体上), nothing more or less than(完全是), less than(毫不), less... than...(与其……不如……), much less(更不用说)等; 另外还有: no sooner than(一……就……), no longer(不再)等。例如: 8. I’m more than willing to help you. 我非常愿意帮助你。 9. She is more mad than stupid. 与其说她愚蠢, 倒不如说她疯狂。 10. The beauty of our city is more than I can describe. 我们城市的美丽让我难以描述。 11. When it is windy, the planes are late more often than not. 刮大风时, 飞机往往晚点。 12. The ship sank and was seen no more. 船沉了, 再也看不见了。 13. Tom is no more than 10 years old. 汤姆仅仅只有10岁。 14. Jerry is no more capable of speaking French than I am. 杰瑞和我一样不会讲法语。 15. I’ve more or less finished reading the book. 我差不多已经看完了这本书。 16. Tom forgot to write down his name—it was nothing more or less than carelessness. 汤姆忘记写名字了——这完全是粗心所致。 17. The waiter was less than helpful when the guests arrived. 当客人到达时, 那个服务员什么忙也不帮。 18. She is less hurt than frightened. 她与其说是受伤了, 倒不如说是吓坏了。 19. They would not take a drink, much less stay for dinner. 他们连饮料都不喝, 更不用说留下来吃饭了。 20. No sooner had I closed my eyes than I fell asleep. 我一合眼就睡着了。 21. We can no longer afford to stay here. 我们再也没钱住这里了。 注意:more... than强调前者, 而less... than...却强调后者; not so much... as同less... than... 一样, 强调后者; no more 等于not any more, no longer等于not any longer,两者语意基本相同, 但no more强调程度,而no longer强调时间。 三、与部分最高级形式(如most, least等)有关的结构 这类词组常有:most(很、非常), not... in the least(一点、丝毫), least of all(尤其)等。例如: 22. My hometown is a most beautiful city in Zhejiang Province. 我的家乡是浙江省一座很美丽的城市。 23. He is not in the least worried. 他一点也不担心。 24. Nobody need worry, you least of all. 谁也不必担心, 尤其是你。
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