| 含义模糊的ｉｔ |
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作者：于 凤 文章来源：英语知识 点击数： 更新时间：2008-4-12 20:55:05  |
英语中存在着一定数量的有一定语法作用、但意义模糊的it（the unspecified“it”)，汉译时不译出。这种含义模糊的“it”概述起来有以下几种类型：
1. 用在give sb./have a bad (rough, hard, splendid等) time of, journey of 和work of 等短语的后面。例如：
They had a bad time of it. 他们经历了一段艰苦的日子。
They made a troublesome journey of it. 他们的旅行很不愉快。
I think we have made an excellent day’s work of it. 我想我们已痛痛快快地干了一天活。
2．由名词转化而来的动词lord 与it连用，组成短语to lord it over (= to behave in a superior or domineering way to sb.)。例如：
He likes to lord it over the junior staff. 他喜欢对下级职员逞威风。
It is open to criticism when a shop assistant lords it over the customers. 商店售货员怠慢顾客要受到批评的。
3．表示交通工具的名词bus, boat, cab及foot 转化的动词带it。
① to bus it = to travel by bus例如：
Shall we walk to the cinema or bus it? 我们是走着去电影院还是乘公交车去？
② to boat it = to go in a boat例如：
As the bridge has been damaged by the flood, we have to boat it. 桥被洪水冲坏了，我们只得坐船去。
③ to cab it = to go habitually or on a particular occasion in a taxi cab 例如：
Seeing that the bus was overcrowded, I had to cab it. 看见公共汽车过于拥挤，我只好坐出租车去了。
④ to foot it = to walk; not travel by bus, etc. 例如：
We missed the last bus and we had to foot it back to our school. 我们错过了最后一班公共汽车，只好步行返回学校。
4．用在 it is + adj. + of sb. 句型中，引起下文。例如：
It is very kind of you. 你真是太客气了。
It is too careless of me. 我太大意啦。
5．作加重语气用。例如：
It is he who made this proposal. 是他提出的这个建议。
It is not for you to interfere with his private affairs. 你不该干涉他的私事。
6．在口语中作某种动词或介词的含糊宾语,构成习语。例如：
I made it up with him, so now we are friends again. 我跟他言归于好，现在我们又是好朋友 了。
You are in for it. 这下你肯定要倒霉了。
After receiving a large inheritance, Alice began to live it up. 艾丽斯继承了一大笔遗产，此后就开始痛快享受起来。
这类习语还有：queen it (摆女王派头)，get with it(振作精神)，fight it out(决一雌雄)，keep at it(坚持下去)，as it is (was)(事实上)，as it were(似乎，可以说是)，face it out(豁出去了),go it alone(单干)，Deuce take it!(该死，糟了!),As it happened...(碰巧……)，Go it while you are young(趁你还年轻就努力干)，That’s the best (worst) of it!(那最好/糟了)，Now you’ll catch it(现在你可倒霉了/你得受责罚了)，If it hadn’t been for your help, ...(倘若没有你的帮助)等等。
(通讯地址：101601 北京东燕郊 北京交通管理干部学院）
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