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高二英语重点解析
作者:姜静媛  文章来源:中学英语之友  点击数  更新时间:2008-3-11 21:22:53  文章录入:admin  责任编辑:admin

1.What do you already know about first aid?
  关于急救,你已经了解了什么?
  (1)know about表示“对……了解”。例如:
  Tell me everything that you know about the team.
  告诉我你所了解的关于那个队的所有情况。
  链接:
  常见的相关词组有:know something about表示“对……有所了解”;know a little about表示“对……有点了解”;know nothing about表示“对……一无所知”。
  (2)first aid表示医生到来之前对伤患者做的急救。aid在此作名词,表示“帮助,援助”,常用于do/give/offer first aid to,表示“进行急救,施行急救”。例如:
  He hurt his leg during the football match, and some of us gave him first aid. 他在足球比赛中弄伤了腿,我们几个人对他进行了急救。
  aid也可以作动词,表示“帮助,援助,支援”。例如:
  I aided her to continue her study. 我帮助她继续做研究。
  链接:
  由aid构成的常见短语有:
  with the aid of sb.=with sb.’s aid 在某人的帮助下
  in aid of…为了……
  aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人去做某事
  2.Make sure that electric wires are safe and that children can’t reach them. 确保电线是安全的,并且小孩子们碰不到它们。
  make sure后常跟that从句,或与of连用,表示“确保,确定”。例如:
  Make sure that you get here before midnight.
  你要确保在午夜前到达这里。
  Make sure of the fact before you write. 弄清事实,然后你再写。
  链接:
  be sure to do…一定会……
  be sure that…确信……
  be sure of doing…确信会……
  be sure about/of sth.对……有把握
  例如:
  He was sure of succeeding. 他确信会成功。
  It’s really a good movie, you’re sure to enjoy it.
  这部电影真的很好,你肯定会喜欢。
  Mary is sure to come this afternoon. 玛丽今天下午肯定会来。
  I’m not quite sure that he will come. 我并不肯定他会来。
  3.If we know how to respond, we can save lives.
  如果我们知道如何应对,我们就能挽救生命。
  (1)respond作不及物动词,常与介词to搭配,作及物动词时,后常跟宾语从句或直接宾语。例如:
  She responded to a letter. 她回复了一封信。
  I offered him a drink, but he didn’t respond.
  我请他喝酒,但他没有回应。
  The doctor responded that he could not tell the name of her disease.
  医生回答说他无法说出她的病名。
  response作名词,意为“回应,回答,答复,反应”,常用短语in response to表示“回答,回应”。例如:
  The teacher gave no response to my question.
  老师对我的问题没做答复。
  She opened the door in response to a knock. 她应敲门声而开门。
  链接:
  ①responder是名词,意思是“回答者,响应者”。
  ②responsible是形容词,意思是“有责任的,可靠的”。
  ③responsibility是名词,意思是“责任,职责”。
  ④常用短语有:take the responsibility for“负起……的责任”;be responsible for“对……负责”。
  (2)save one’s life表示“救某人的命”。save作动词,意为“把……(从危险中等)救出来”,常与from连用。例如:
  He saved his child from drowning. 他救了他的孩子,使他未被淹死。
  链接:
  save one’s face/honor/reputation保全面子/名誉/名声
  save one’s skin 避免受伤
  save the situation 挽回局面
  save that 除了
  save up 储蓄金钱
  4.20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water. 世界上20%的人喝不到清洁的饮用水。
  (1)on earth表示“在地球上的,在今世的”,在疑问句中,可以用来加强语气,表示“究竟,到底”。例如:
  I am the luckiest man on earth. 我是世上最幸运的人。
  What on earth is the matter here? 这里究竟发生了什么事?
  (2)access是不可数名词,意思是“接近或进入某地的方法,通路,(使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利”。常与to连用,常用短语access to sth./sb.表示“接近某物/某人”。例如:
  There is no access to the street. 没有通向这条大街的路。
  The only no access to the farmhouse is across the field.
  要到那农舍去,唯有穿过这块地。
  Students must have access to a good library.
  学生要有使用好图书馆的便利条件。
  Only high officials had access to the president.
  只有高级官员才可以接近总统。
  5.With better education, people will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature and perhaps put an end to the death and suffering caused by the big three. 在更好的教育环境下,人们将建立起一个与自然相和谐的更好的社会,还可能会消灭三大顽疾带来的死亡与苦难。
  (1)be in harmony with表示“与……(感情、思想等)和睦,融洽”;其反义词组为be out of harmony with,表示“与……不相称,不调和,与……不和睦”。例如: Her ideas were no longer in harmony with ours.
  她同我们的想法不再一致了。
  My cat and dog never fight—they live together in perfect harmony.
  我养的猫和狗从来不打架——它们相处得非常和睦。
  The music is out of harmony with her songs.
  这音乐和她的歌不和谐。
  (2)put an end to意思是“结束,使终止”。例如:
  We should put an end to the war. 我们应该结束这场战争。
  We must put an end to this foolish behaviour.
  我们必须制止这种愚蠢的行为。
  链接:
  与end相关的常见搭配:
  in the end最后,终于
  by the end of在……结束时
  bring…to an end使……终止
  come to an end完毕,结束
  make an end of…把……终止
  make(both) ends meet量入为出
  from the beginning to the end从头到尾
  stand on end(使)竖起
  end up with以……结束
  end up结果
  6.There’s some dirty weather knocking about. 就要变天啦。
  (1)本句中的knock about意为“冲击,碰撞”。例如:
  The car has been knocked about a bit, but it still goes.
  这辆小汽车虽然受到多次碰撞,但仍能开。
  She gets knocked about by her husband. 她常受到丈夫的虐待。
  (2)knock about还有“漫游,到处流浪”之意。例如:
  He has knocked about Europe a good deal, so he can speak several languages. 他的足迹遍布欧洲,所以能说好几种语言。
  链接:
  knock down击倒,击落,拆除,降价
  knock into撞在……身上
  knock over打翻
  knock out敲打出,毁坏,使某人精疲力竭
  7.“What’s up?” Jukes, the engineer, asked.
  “怎么啦?”朱克斯工程师问。
  (1)本句中的What’s up?意思是“什么事?”,“怎么了?”,up常用于be up to结构,意思是“从事于,忙于”,后接名词、代词、动名词等;be up to sb.由某人负责。例如:
  He is up to good deeds. 他正在做有益之事。
  She is up to collecting stamps. 她忙于集邮。
  What we should do next is up to him.
  我们下一步做什么由他决定。
  (2)如果后接不定式:be up to sb. to do sth.则表示“应由某人做某事”,常用it作形式主语。例如:
  It’s up to you to get the work done. 应由你把这项工作干完。
  (3)be up with意思是“(某人)出了什么问题,(机器)出了什么毛病”。例如:
  What’s up with her? 她怎么了?

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