主题：英语中的两类习语

英语习语， 林林总总。其中有这样两类习语：在一对同义词之间嵌入and所构成的习语和在一对反义词（词义相反或相对的词）之间嵌入and所构成的习语。这两类习语的结构相似， 如出一辙。
　　
　　一、“同义词”习语
　　
　　1. heart and soul 全心全意
　　Mary wanted a puppy with all her heart and soul. 玛丽极其渴望有一只小狗。
　　2. odds and ends 零星杂物， 琐碎物品；谈话的片断
　　The tailor made a suit for the boy out of the odds and ends of the cloth. 裁缝用零布头给孩子做了一套衣服。
　　He only heard some odds and ends. 他只听到一些谈话的片断。
　　3. stuff and nonsense 胡说八道
　　“Stuff and nonsense!” said Mr. Feng:“don’t try to make a fool of me.”“胡说八道！” 费恩先生说：“别想在我面前耍花枪。”
　　4. wear and tear磨损；穿过
　　Our products must stand wear and tear. 我们的产品必须经久耐用。
　　A pair of shoes may have lasted her for five years, for the wear and tear that she took out of them. 按照她消耗鞋子的程度，一双鞋她能穿上五年。
　　5. chop and change变化无常
　　When a person is constantly chopping and changing his job, we may suspect that the fault is in him, not in the job. 一个人如果经常变换工作，我们就会怀疑是他自己不好， 而不是工作不好。
　　6. pick and choose挑挑拣拣
　　He was never one to pick and choose. 他不是个爱挑挑剔剔的人。
　　7. pure and simple纯粹的，不折不扣的
　　That’s the truth pure and simple. 这是不折不扣的真理。
　　8. safe and sound平安无事
　　The children returned from their trip safe and sound.孩子们旅行后安然归家。
　　9. really and truly果真，的确
　　“Indeed, Tom？ Do you really and truly say so？” “真的吗， 汤姆？你真的这样说吗？”
　　10. over and above除……之外
　　He gets a number of perquisits, over and above his salary. 他除了薪金之外， 还有好些额外收入。
　　11. each and every 人人都，每一个
　　Each and every may go there. 人人都可以去那里。
　　The teacher must learn the name of each and every pupil.老师必须记住每一个学生的名字。
　　12. free and easy 无拘束的；漫不经心的
　　Things are quite free and easy here; we don’t stand ceremony. 这里诸事随便， 我们不讲客套。
　　They were free and easy with their money and it was soon gone. 他们用钱很大方， 不久便耗费殆尽。
　　13. first and foremost首先， 第一；最重要的
　　First and foremost they needed food. 食物是他们最需要的东西。
　　I want you to remember to pay that bill first and foremost.首先我要你记得付账。
　　
　　二、“反义词”习语
　　
　　1. ins and outs 详情， 细节， 底细；道路等的迂回曲折
　　I know more of the ins and outs of him than any person does. 我比任何人更知道他的底细。
　　The driver knew the ints and outs of the road better than any of us. 司机对于这条路的一弯一曲， 都了如指掌， 我们望尘莫及。
　　2. ups and downs （人生等的）盛衰， 浮沉；（土地等的）高低， 起伏
　　He has had his ups and downs in life. 他已体验到生活中的酸甜苦辣。
　　3. give and take互相让步， 互相迁就；抬杠
　　Tom and Jerry were always arguing, but it was all in the friendly spirit of give and take. 汤姆和杰瑞常常争论， 但他们是友善的抬杠。
　　4. hit and miss不论成功与否；漫无目的地
　　George didn’t know which house on the street was Jane’s, so he began ringing doorbells hit and miss. 乔治不知街上哪里是珍的家，所以他挨家挨户地按门铃。
　　5. high and low高低贵贱的人；到处
　　He woos both high and low, both rich and poor. 他追起女人来，不论贫富贵贱。
　　6. right and left从左右两边；四面八方
　　The crowd divided right and left. 人群向左右分开。
　　The knight rode into battle striking at the enemy right and left with his broadsword. 这名骑士策马闯入战场砍杀四面八方的敌人。
　　7. back and forth来来去去
　　He was walking back and forth along the corridor. 他在走廊里踱来踱去。
　　8. off and on (或on and off) 断断续续，不规则地
　　It was raining off and on all day. 雨断断续续地下了一整天。
　　9. to and fro 往复，来回，前前后后
　　She walked to and fro. 她来回地走。
　　Tossed to and fro by the waves, the little craft finally turned turtle. 小筏在波浪中来回颠簸， 最后翻了个底朝天。

英语中的两类习语 张国泉